CCCP-04188
1981-FEB-12 · Heiss Island, Franz Josef Land, Soviet Union

Aeroflot — Flight CCCP-04188

An Ilyushin Il-14 crashed during a landing attempt at the Ernst Krenkel Observatory on Heiss Island after the pilot failed to abort the approach despite losing visual contact with the runway lights. The aircraft was operating a special flight carrying meteorological scientists and equipment from Moscow. During the final approach in polar twilight and poor visibility, the aircraft touched down in deep, unpacked snow 32 meters to the left of the runway. The resulting collapse of the nose gear and impact caused cargo and a fuel tank to shift forward into the cabin, killing two passengers.

Aircraft
Ilyushin Il-14T
Registration
CCCP-04188
Phase
Cause
Souls on Board
13
Fatalities
2
Origin → Dest
Myachkovo Airport, Moscow, Soviet Union → Ernst Krenkel Observatory, Heiss Island, Soviet Union
Report

Investigation Summary

The flight was a multi-stop expedition to the high Arctic, carrying personnel from the Obninsk Meteorological Institute. The aircraft was severely overloaded from the start of the mission; investigation findings revealed it was 1,650 kg over its Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW) at departure. By the time it reached Heiss Island, it still exceeded the maximum landing weight by 700 kg. Conditions at the time were characterized by polar twilight and limited visibility, requiring the use of a temporary snow-covered landing strip marked by lights. Investigation records indicate that the pilot lost sight of these lights twice during the final approach. Despite these clear indications of an unsafe approach and the copilot's calls, the pilot-in-command did not execute a go-around, which was a direct violation of Soviet civil aviation regulation NPP GA-78 §8.6.13. The aircraft struck deep, unpacked snow (approximately one meter deep) 32 meters off the prepared strip, leading to a structural failure of the nose section and the fatal shifting of internal cargo.

Final Conclusions

The investigation concluded that the primary cause was the pilot's decision to continue the landing without adequate visual reference. Contributing factors included the aircraft being 700 kg over its maximum landing weight and inadequate operational control within the 229th flight detachment of the Myachkovo Aviation Detachment. The aircraft was officially written off by the Ministry of Civil Aviation on 10 April 1981.

Photographic Evidence (1)

Polar Geophysical Observatory named Krenkel, Heiss Island, Franz Josef Land. Photo by Sergey Slepnev, 2007, September
© RM4Y · Wikimedia Commons

Video Analysis

No video analysis linked for this case file yet.

Airframe & Maintenance

Airframe Hours
27,926
Cycles
11,225
Engines
Shvetsov ASh-82T

Systems & Failure Modes

i

Nose Landing Gear

The gear collapsed upon contact with deep, unpacked snow, leading to the nose section striking the ground and breaking apart.

i

Cargo Restraints

Internal cargo and a fuel tank were not sufficiently secured to withstand the impact forces, shifting forward and causing the fatalities.

Interesting Facts

  • 01The aircraft was 700 kg over its maximum landing weight at the time of the accident.
  • 02The wreckage remains on Heiss Island as an outdoor exhibit and is considered a 'tragic monument'.
  • 03Two passengers were killed when a fuel tank and cabin cargo shifted forward upon impact.
  • 04The aircraft had accumulated 27,926 flight hours and 11,225 landings prior to the crash.
  • 05While registered as an Il-14T (transport), some records and sources identify the airframe as an Il-14P (passenger) variant.

Safety Actions & Advisories

Operational Control Review

The investigation cited inadequate operational control in the 229th flight detachment, leading to internal reviews of oversight for special Arctic operations.

Location

Heiss Island, Franz Josef Land, Soviet Union · 80.5807, 57.6782

Case File History

  1. New evidenceUpdated investigation summary and findings.
  2. CorrectionUpdated investigation summary.

Related Cases

Case ID · heiss-island-il14-1981Last updated · Filed

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